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Kaya Chikitsa |
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General Medicine. |
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Kaumara Bhrithya |
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Pediatrics. |
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Graha Chikitsa |
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Psychiatry and Psycho Somatic Diseases. |
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Shalakya Tantra |
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Diseases of Ear, head, nose, eye ,throat and its surgeries. |
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Shalya Tantra |
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General Surgery. |
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Agad Tantra |
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Toxicology. |
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Rasayana Chikitsa |
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Ree- juvenation Therapy |
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Vajeekarna Chikitsa |
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Aphrodisiac therapy. |
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PANCHMAHA BHOOTAS THEORY -
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According to Ayurveda every living and Non- living being in this universe is a combination of five basic Eternal Elements, calledPANCH MAHA BHOOTAS. Human body is also constituted by these Five Eternal Elements in various compositions. Hence it can be conceived that every cell of the body is possessed with all the prosperities of life. The only difference of the Human being from the external World is the expression of CHAITHANYA or consciousness or Soul. The Five Basic Eternal Elements are |
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Earth |
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The Word Dosha literally means which pollutes. Thus when the Dosha are in normal state then they maintain our body and when they are disturbed state then they are going to cause disease.
Thus, we have to take proper care of these Doshas so that they should not get imbalance, as once they are going to be disturbed then they will pollute the body and cause disease.
The eternal elements ( Panchmahabhoots ) manifest in the human body as three basic principles or subtle energies called Tridosha.
These Dosha are basically maintaining and controlling the body. They are Vata,Pitta and Kapha.
The Panchmahabhootas and Tridoshas are not prevalent to the naked eyes but they should be conceived on comprehensive terms in which all physical structure and physiological functions of the body are included. The Air and Ether elements combined to form the Vata principle.
The Fire element constitutes the Pitta principles .
The Earth and the Water elements combine to form Kapha principle.
These three basic principles govern all the biological, physiological and physio-pathological functions of the body, mind and consciousness. They act as basic constituents and protective barriers for the body in its normal Physiological conditions. And whenever they are disturbed then they are going to cause ROGA ( Disease ).
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VATA PRINCIPLE |
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It is considered as the most Important Dosha among Tridosha as it governs the functions of other Doshas also. |
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Properties of Vata |
These are the following properties of vata-
DRY, LIGHT, COLD, ROUGH, SUBTLE OR MINUTE, MOVING. |
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Functions of Vata – |
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Properties of Pitta |
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SLIGHTLY OILY, PENETRATING, HOT, LIGHT, UNPLEASANT ODOUR, SPREADING NATURE, LIQUID FORM. |
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Functions of pitta are |
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Kapha Principles |
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The properties of Kapha are |
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OILY, COLD, HEAVY, SLOW ACTING, SLIMY, SOFT, STABLE ETC
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Functions of Kapha are |
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Dhatu Theory |
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The term Dhatu literally means which hold or supports the body functions.
There are Seven Dhatus in the body which supports the body functions. They are |
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Rasa-------------------------------(Can be compare with Plasma).
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Raktha-----------------------------(Can be compare with Blood).
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Mamsa-----------------------------(Can be compare with Muscles).
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Medas------------------------------(Can be compare with Fat).
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Asthi--------------------------------------(Can be compare with Bones).
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Majja-------------------------------------(Can be compare with Bone marrow).
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Sukra-------------------------------------(Can be compare with Semen in man and Ovum in female).
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The Word Mala Literally means that which contaminates the body. These are the metabolic bi-products formed in the body.These are eliminated as Sweat ,Urine and Faeces . On whole , Human body depends mainly on the Doshas , Dhatu and malas just like a tree depending solely on its roots. |
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The concept of Agni is a Unique thing in Ayurveda Science. In external world it is observed as the form of Solar Energy . The representative of this Solar energy in the living organism , which is responsible for all type of metabolism is called as AGNI. Thus we can compare the Agni with the digestive fire which helps to metabolise the food or we can say digest the food.
Since the tissue of the living body are not exactly similar to the food we eat , thus the food should be converted in such a manner so that they are absorbed easily into the body system to reach energy cells of the body for its maintenance and also to provide energy to perform its function properly . This conversion is brought about by AGNI.
Thus Agni plays the most important role in the wellbeing of the person as if the Agni is proper then the metabolism will be normal and the person will be healthy, but if the agni is disturbed then it will hamper the metabolism and causes the disease. Therefore, it is said in Ayurveda that 90% of the diseases occurs due to disturbance of Agni. So we must and should take proper care of Agni. |
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Go to Top |
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According to Ayurveda Health is a complete balance of Dosha , Dhatu , mala and Agni.When these are balanced then we are healthy. The objective of Ayurveda is to establish Pime Health in every living being through Physically , mentally and Spiritually. The basic fundamental principles aim at establishing such a condition through correct knowledge of healthy living.
Thus when these Dhosha , Dhatu , Malas and Agni are in a state of equilibrium then the living body can function normally.
Thus Health according to Ayurveda can be defined as a state of equilibrium of the actions of doshas ,dhatus , Malas and Agni accompanied by a sensation of well being of body and sense Organs , Mind and Soul. Such a person is called as Healthy or Swastha as per Ayurveda. |
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Roga (Disease) - Causes and Preventation |
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Anything which gives us pain or Dukha (sorrow) is called as Roga or Disease. Thus even though the person feels healthy and all his or her Medical reports are good but if he is not happy from inside or mentally he is stressed out then it is considered as Roga Only.
The Harmony and the balance of the Doshas , Dhatus ,Malas and Agni in the body is the primary condition of the health. The equilibrium is maintained through a life in the conformity with the laws of Nature.
Wrong behavior and food habits disturbs the harmony and leads to So many Rogas (Diseases ). The vitiated or disturbed Doshas are the prime causative factors for a disease. Because they are the only causative factors for the vitiation of other body elements like Dhatus , Malas ,Agni etc. Both under pathological and healthy condition, the Doshas behave in different patterns and elicit various signs and Symptoms in regard to their vitiation, direction of spreading area, localization and manifestation.
The Doshas can vitiated mainly by two ways - Normally and Abnormally.
The Normal vitiation is produced by the inevitable and natural factors like Seasonal variation ,diurnal variation ,various satges of digestion . this type of vitiation is easy to treat and often if does not require any treatment as the condition suside automatically.
Abnormal vitiation of Doshas are caused by deliberate exposure to specific etiological factors, both External and Internal. This include abuse of functions of Sense organs , wrong bodily habits , Suppression of Natural Urges , ill food habits ,avoidance of seasonal and daily regime ,incompatible food habit ,lack of body care and preservation of health ,constant exposure of mind to bad feelings like greed ,jealousy , lust , anger ,grief etc.
Thus having a thorough knowledge of the signs and symptoms produced by the vitiated Dosha and Dhatus and by proper examination one can know the causative factors of disease and can prevent it also timely.
This is very helpful in aspect of treatment. The basic principles of treatment in Ayurveda is to eliminate the internal disease causing factors of disease, also to bring back the vitiated Doshas , Dhatus , Malas and Agni to the normal functioning state and thus remaining healthy. |
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Diagnosis as Per Ayurveda
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- Darshana Pareeksha - By observing the patients physical signs and symptoms. For example colour of skin, hair, eyes, behavior, normal gait, body condition etc.
- Prasna Pareeksha - By asking minute questions regarding the problem associated .
- Sparsana Pareeksha - By touching the patient. This includes the Pulse diagnosis ,palptation process, percussion and auscultation .
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Nadi Pareeksha Means Pulse diagnosis is a very important tool for the diagnosis in Ayurveda. The Physician feels the radial artery pulsations on the wrist of the patient and through their experience they can get a clear picture of the disturbed Dosha and try to diagnose the disease.
There are two other specific diagnostic procedures that can be included in the above division. They are
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- Ashta Vidha Pareeksha ( Eight Step Diagnosis )
- Nadi Pareeksha --------- Pulse diagnosis .
- Jihwa Pareeksha --------- Examination of Tongue .
- Malam Pareeksha --------- Examination of stools .
- Mootram Pareeksha --------- Examination of urine .
- Sabdam paereeksha --------- Examination of Voice .
- Sparshnam Pareeksha --------- Examination of body temperature.
- Drik Pareeksha --------- Examination of Eye ball .
- Akriti Pareeksha --------- Examination of the physique
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- Dasha Vidha Pareeksha ( Ten step Diagnosis )
- Dooshyam --------- Examination of the seven Dhatus and Doshas.
- Desham --------- Examination of the surrounding environment.
- Balam --------- Examination of the Strength of the person.
- Kalam --------- Examination of season.
- Analam --------- Examination of the Agni ( Digestive Fire ).
- Prakruti --------- Examination of Body constitution.
- Vayas --------- Examination of Age.
- Satwam --------- Examination of Mental Power.
- Satmayam --------- Examination of Compatibility.
- Aharam --------- Examination of food habits.
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As per Ayurveda , It is been stated that –
- Maintaining the health of the healthy person and curing the disease of the diseased person is the basic two main aim of Ayurveda.
- Thus to cure the disease of the diseased person the Ayurvedic Treatments are Broadly Divided into two –
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Shamana Chikitsha ( Alleviating Therapy or Pacifying Treatment ) – In this particular treatment the Herbal medicines or Herbo-mineral Medicines in different forms like in the form of Tablets , Pills, Syrup ,Powder form etc are give, and these medicines pacify the Diseases with in the body and by the action of the medicines the Patient is cured. These Medicines internally or externally do correct the derangement of the functions of the Doahsa, Dhatus , Malas and Agni and also increase the Immunity of the Body.
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Shodhana Chikitsha ( Purification Therapy or Elimination treatment ) – In this Treatment the main aim is to eliminate the internal Causative factors of the disease i.e. the toxins , out of the body, and for this certain procedures are done and that come under Panchkarma Theraphy. So in this All the chronic problems are cured by special techniqu.
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